Part of a chocolate 'tree' at Borough Market
Varieties of chocolate

Chocolate comprises a number of raw and processed foods that are produced from the seed of the tropical cacao tree. Native to lowland, tropical South America, cacao has been cultivated for at least three millennia in Central America and Mexico, with its earliest documented use around 1100 BC. The majority of the Mesoamerican peoples made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as xocolātl, a Nahuatl word meaning "bitter water". The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste, and must be fermented to develop the flavour. After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted, and the shell is removed to produce cacao nibs. The nibs are then ground and liquefied, resulting in pure chocolate in fluid form: chocolate liquor. The liquor can be further processed into two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.

Pure, unsweetened chocolate contains primarily cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions. Much of the chocolate consumed today is in the form of sweet chocolate, combining chocolate with sugar. Milk chocolate is sweet chocolate that additionally contains milk powder or condensed milk. "White chocolate" contains cocoa butter, sugar, and milk but no cocoa solids (and thus does not qualify to be considered true chocolate).

Chocolate is also used in cold and hot beverages, to produce chocolate milk and hot chocolate.

How much does one cup of chocolate weigh?

Estimated US cup to weight equivalents:

Ingredient US Cups Grams Ounces
Chocolate grated
1
125 grams < 5 ounces

How much does one cup of chocolate chips weigh?

Estimated US cup to weight equivalents:

Ingredient US Cups Grams Ounces
Chocolate Chips
1
175 grams 6 ounces

How much does one cup of cocoa powder weigh?

Estimated US cup to weight equivalents:

Ingredient US Cups Grams Ounces
Cocoa Powder
1
100 grams 4 ounces

Conversion notes:
Every ingredient has a cups to ounces or grams conversion table. Search for the ingredient, cup to weight conversions are at the end of each ingredient page.

We also have a generic conversion table and a portions per person lookup.



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